Text Styling in CSS 

CSS provides a lot of ways to format text including changing color, indentation, adding text-decoration, and a lot more.

CSS Text Color

The color CSS property sets the color of a text.

Valid Values:

<color>

Example:

#p1 {
color: red;
}
#p2 {
color: rgb(23, 52, 89);
}

CSS Text Align

The text-align CSS property sets the horizontal alignment of a text.

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Valid Values:

• left: aligns text to the left edge
• center: aligns text to the center
• right: aligns text to the right edge
• justify: aligns text it’s left and right edges to the left and right edges of the line box except for the last line

Example:

#p1 {
text-align: left;
}
#p2 {
text-align: center;
}
#p3 {
text-align: right;
}
#p4 {
text-align: justify;
}

CSS Text Transform

The text-transform CSS property sets the capitalization of the text.

Valid Values:

• none: prevents the case of the text from being changed
• capitalize: converts the first letter of each word to uppercase; other characters are unchanged
• uppercase: converts a text to uppercase
• lowercase: converts a text to lowercase

#p1 {
text-transform: none;
}
#p2 {
text-transform: capitalize;
}
#p3 {
text-transform: uppercase;
}
#p4 {
text-transform: lowercase;
}

CSS Text Indent

The text-indent CSS property sets the length of the indentation of a text.

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Valid Values:

<length>
<percentage>

Example:

#p1 {
text-indent: 15px;
}
#p2 {
text-indent: 25%;
}

<color>

#p1 {
text-decoration: solid dotted red;
}

CSS Text Shadow

The text-shadow CSS property adds shadows to text. Each shadow is described by some combination of X and Y offsets from the element, blur radius, and color.

Valid Values:

• <color>: optional; sets the color of the shadow; if this is not defined the value is left up to the user-agent
• offset-x offset-y: required value; it specifies the shadow’s distance from the text; offset-x is the horizontal distance while offset-y is the vertical distance
• blur-radius: optional; defaults to 0; this is a <length> value, it defines the size of the blur/shadow

If the optional values are not present they will be set to their default values.

Example:

#p1 {
/* offset-x | offset-y | blur-radius | color */
text-shadow: 2px 2px 3px red;
}
#p2 {
/* color | offset-x | offset-y | blur-radius */
text-shadow: #173459 1px 0 10px;
}
#p3 {
/* offset-x | offset-y | color */
text-shadow: 2px 2px rgb(128, 0, 255);
}
#p4 {
/* color | offset-x | offset-y */
text-shadow: fuchsia 2px 5px;
}
#p5 {
/* offset-x | offset-y */
text-shadow: 1px 3px;
}

CSS Letter Spacing

The letter-spacing CSS property sets the length and behavior of the space between letters.

Valid Values:

normal: sets the normal letter spacing for the current font

<length>

Example

#p1 {
letter-spacing: normal;
}
#p2 {
letter-spacing: 3px;
}

CSS Word Spacing

The word-spacing CSS property sets the length of the space between words.

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Valid Values:

normal: sets the normal word spacing as defined by the browser

<length>
<percentage>

Example:

#p1 {
word-spacing: normal;
}
#p2 {
word-spacing: 4px;
}
#p3 {
word-spacing: 20%;
}

CSS Line Height

The line-height property specifies the amount of space used in lines such as in text.

Valid Values:

• normal: depends on the user agent
• <number>: the value is multiplied by the element’s current font size; this is the preferred way to set line-height
• <length>
• <percentage>

Example:

div {
line-height: 3px;
}

CSS White Space

The white-space CSS property sets how the white space is handled inside an element.

Valid Values:

• normal: Sequences of white space are collapsed. Newline characters in the source are handled the same as other white space. Lines are broken as necessary to fill line boxes.
• nowrap: Collapses white space as for normal, but suppresses line breaks (text wrapping) within the source.
• pre: Sequences of white space are preserved. Lines are only broken at newline characters in the source and at <br> elements.
• pre-wrap: Sequences of white space are preserved. Lines are broken at newline characters, at <br>, and as necessary to fill line boxes.
• pre-line: Sequences of white space are collapsed. Lines are broken at newline characters, at <br>, and as necessary to fill line boxes.

Example:

#p1 {
white-space: normal;
}
#p2 {
white-space: nowrap;
}
#p3 {
white-space: pre;
}
#p4 {
white-space: pre-wrap;
}
#p5 {
white-space: pre-line;
}

CSS Text Direction

The direction CSS property sets the direction of a text (and more).

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Valid Values:

• ltr : sets text and other elements go from left to right
• rtl : sets text and other elements go from right to left

Example:

#ltr {
direction: ltr;
}
#rtl {
direction: rtl;
}

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